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Ashramopanisad • Chapter 1 • Shloka 3
वानप्रस्था अपि चतुर्विधा भवन्ति वैखानसा उदुम्बरा बालखिल्याः फेनपाश्चेति । तत्र वैखानसा अकृष्टपन्यौषधिवनस्पतिभिर्गामबहिष्कृताभिरग्निपरिचरणं कृत्वा पञ्चमहायज्ञ क्रियां निर्वर्तयन्त आत्मानं प्रार्थयन्ते। उदुम्बराः प्रातरुत्थाय यां दिशमभिप्रेक्षन्ते तदाहृतोदुम्बरबदरनी- वारश्यामाकैरग्निपरिचरणं कृत्वा पञ्चमहायज्ञक्रियां निर्वर्तयन्त आत्मानं प्रार्थयन्ते। बालखिल्या जटाधराश्वीरचर्मवल्कलपरिवृताः कार्तिक्यां पौर्णमास्यां पुष्पफलमुत्सृजन्तः शेषानष्टौ मासान् वृत्त्युपार्जनं कृत्वाऽग्निपरिचरणं कृत्वा पञ्चमहायज्ञक्रियां निर्वर्तयन्त आत्मानं प्रार्थयन्ते । फेनपा उन्मत्तकाः शीर्णपर्णफलभोजिनो यत्र यत्र वसन्तोऽग्निपरिचरणं कृत्वा पञ्चमहायज्ञक्रियां निर्वर्तयन्त आत्मानं प्रार्थयन्ते ।
The past-couple Asrama (Vanaprastha) is also of four kinds. These are Vaikhanas, Udumbara, Balakhilya and Phenapa. The Vaikhānas person survive on the cereals self-grown, and the medicines and vegetation's duly matured by expelled or refused by the villagers. They do Pañca Mahāyajña and thus worship the Soul. Udumbara are the persons who get up early in the morning and perform the Pañca Mahāyajña by offering the Udumbara, Badara, Nivåra etc. as the material. The Balakhilyas are the persons who had matted hair, put on the hide of animals and the bark of trees as cloths, take as food the flowers and the fruits upto four months, abandon the accumulated flowers and fruits on the full moon day in Kartika month. The rest of eight months they earn for their living and perform the Panca Mahayajña. The Phenap are the persons who do the worship of soul by using the torn leaves and fruits like a man suffering from insane. They live wherever they get the space and thus do the worship of soul by performing the Panca Mahayajña.
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